RIZKI'S PLAN ON HER VACATION

ELA AND RIZKI TALK ABOUT THEIR PLAN NEXT VACATION.
Ela :good morning,Rizki?
Rizki :Good morning, Ela.
Ela :How are you?
Rizki :Fine and you?
Ela :Fine too.
Rizki :Where will you go next holiday?
Ela :Selorejo lake, how about you?
Rizki :I like to visit TMII. Where is the location of Selorejo lake?
Ela :At Ngantang district, Malang regency.
Rizki :Why do you like to visit it?
Ela :Because Selorejo lake is beautiful and interesting place. And you,why do you like to go to TMII?
Rizki :Because in TMII we can see many kinds of traditional houses from all provinces all over Indonesia. TMII is also beautiful. Well Ela, have you been visiting Selorejo lake before?
Ela :No, never. And you have you been to TMII before?
Rizki :Not yet.
Rizki :How did you go there?
Ela :By car, and you?
Rizki :By train. Ok Ela, bye...bye...
Ela :Bye...



By
Rizki Amalia Intias
Ela Widiar Sari

GOING TO TROWULAN MUSEUN

DIAN AND ILHAM TALK THEIR PLAN NEXT HOLIDAY.
Dian :Hi guys,where do you plan to visit next vocation ?
Ilham :Well,I plan to visit Trowulan museum.
Dian :Why do yyou like visiting there?
Ilham :Because it has a lot of historical inheritances, handicrafted articles, and heirloom.
Dian :Have you been there before?
Ilham :Yes, I have been there once.
Dian :How do you go there?
Ilham :I go to there by motorcycle
Dian :How far is it from your house?
Ilham :It is about 4 kilometres.
Dian :Can I go woth you, Ilham?
Ilham :Surely, I'm very happy.
Dian :See you next holiday

BY
DIAN AND ILHAM 9F

Going to Dlundung Waterfal

Silviana and ulva are talking about their plan next holiday.
silvi :good morning.
ulva :good morning.how are you?
silvi :I'm fine.and you......?
ulva :I'm fine too.
silvi :what do you usually visit on vacation?
ulva :I usually visit Dlundung Waterfall.
silvi :where is it located?
ulva :it is located in Trawas.
silvi :why do you visit Dlundung Waterfall?
ulva :because,the air is very cool.and water is clean.
silvi :whom do you usually visit Dlundung whit?
ulva :i usually go there whit my family.
silvi :how do you go to there?
ulva :i go to there by car.
silvi :ok.thank you for your information.
ulva :you are welcome.

by
Silviana Irmaningtyas and Ulva

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

USAGE :
1. We use the Present Continuous tense to show an action that is going on now.

E.g.
My brother is listening to the radio.
The girls are decorating the hall.

2. To show an action in the near future.

E.g.
I am going to Singapore next week.
My uncle is arriving by plane tomorrow. We are going to meet him at the airport.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
The present continuous is formed as shown below:
Singular: He/She/It/Jack/The boy + is + jumping.
I + am + jumping.
You + are + jumping.
Plural : They/The girls/The cats + are + jumping.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
We do not use verbs of perception, sense and feeling in the Present Continuous tense.
E.g.
I am smelling something nice. (wrong)
I smell something nice. (true)

These oranges are tasting sour. (wrong)
These oranges taste sour. (true)

SOME NON-PROGRESSIVE VERBS (we may not use them in progressive/contunious tense) :

want
know
love
see
understand
like
think(opinion)
feel

hear
need
believe
hate
smell
have
remember
seem


***********

GOING TO JATIM PARK

DAFI': Hi,guys!
DANI : Hi !
DAFI': Doyou ever to go to interesting place ?
DANI : Yes, I do.
DAFI': What interesting is it?
DANI : Jatim Park, Water Land, Trowulan museum.
DAFI': What interesting place do you like?
DANI : I like Jatim Park.
DAFI': Where is it located?
DANI : At Batu,Malang.
DAFI': Why do you like it?
DANI : Because the area is very fresh and cool.
DAFI': How many time have you visited there?
DANI : Twice.
DAFI': How do you go to there?
DANI : By Bus.
DAFI': Ok, thankyou.
DANI : You are welcome.



By :
MOH.DAFI' S.
DANI P.

bad experience

Last semester holiday, my friend and I went to a hotel. A receptionist welcomed us, "Can I help you?", she asked. I said that I wanted a double room with a bath for one night. Her assistant gave the keys to number forty two. I took the keys and went upstairs to check in. A porter helped me carry my suitcases.

When we found our room, we saw unlocked the door and opened it. We got shocked when we saw fat women smoking in the room. We shouted and banged the door. We thought there were ghost in our room.

We ran away and got back to the receptionist room. One of the fat women ran after me. She was so angry were very afraid.

Then we explained to the receptionist what had happened to us. She was very sorry. She shad made a mistake. Our room was next door, number forty - one. Her assistant gave us the key to number forty-one.

We returned to out room and rested there. The fat women realized it. We glad because the look of anger had disappeared room her face. We checked out the following morning.

WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RABBITS’ LARGE EARS

A rabbit is a small furry mammal with a short tail and pointed ears. Rabbits live in burrows in the ground. Each burrow is the home of a single family.The first fossils which can be attributed to this family came from North America but now they are found in every part of the word. Compared to its small body rabbit has large – sized ears.
A rabbit is a weak and timid animal and is always surrounded by many enemies. Therefore nature has gifted it with large ears to help it to hear even the fun of drop sound. The large area of the ear catches almost every sound wave produced in the air and transfers them into the inner ear. This makes the rabbit to detect its enemies in time and run to safety zones
You must have noticed that a rabbit washes its ears by repeatedly licking its forepaws and rubbing them over the surface of its ears. It does this in older to keep its ears clean, and also to take into its mouth natural oil which surrounds the ear surface. This oil is important in forming vitamin D which is necessary for the growth of healthy bones. If the rabbit is not allowed to form this, it will develop rickets.

Shortened from : Children’s Knowledge Bank, Look Out. Rohan Book Company

INDONESIAN GHOST

Tuyul
This is a ghost of infant boys (like Casper, but this one not funny, able to floats and invisible) . He is usually kept by a man tasked to stealing moneys.
Until today some people in my country still believe it exists (I don't).

Kuntilanak
The ghost of woman, died during her delivering process, has a hole in her stomach.
She's wandering looking for her son, which means young men in the real world.

Leak
A legendary mystical process in Bali, someone can transform him/herself into another thing (animal, building, tree or other things).
In this modern age people can transorm into a car, computer, even airplane.
The person with the greatest skill can transform into Rangga, a form of demon.

Jin
Or Genie in western. The myth about this ghost, came from Arabianculture.
It's hard to believe, but some people in my country still believe this, too.
Some people buy a Jin for their protector, from businessman to parliament member.

Pocong
The ghost in white hood, hopping, usually found in graveyard.

SOURCE UNKNOWN







# What do you think about gondoruwo, wewe gombel, memedi, demit, etc?
# Do you find any other Indonesian ghost?

RECOUNT TEXT

Tujuan Komunikatif:
Untuk menyampaikan serentetan peristiwa/kejadian/pengalaman yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.

The function :
To retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.

Generic structure :
orientation, event (s), reorientation.

This text has language features such as:
focus on individual participants, use of past tense, focus on a temporal sequence of events, etc.

NOTE :
Event dalam teks Recount boleh satu atau lebih. Sedangkan Reorientation adalah optional (boleh ada boleh tidak).
Tenses yang digunakan selalu Past Tense.

EXAMPLE :

CLASS PICNIC
Last Friday our school went to Centennial Park for a picnic.
First our teachers marked the rolls and the we got on the buses. On the buses, everyone was chatting and eating. When we arrived at the park, some students played cricket, some played cards but others went for a walk with the teachers. At lunchtime, we sat together and had our picnic. Finally, at two o’clock we left for school.
We had a great day.(*)

GOOD LUCK

REPORT TEXT

Definisi:
Teks yang isinya menggambarkan sesuatu secara apa adanya sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Oleh karena itu sebelum Anda menulis teks Report, Anda harus melakukan pengamatan sistematis. Yang Anda deskripsikan bisa meliputi gejala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala- gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat berupa simpulan umum misalnya tentang rumah sederhana dengan mendekripsikan ciri-ciri subyek tersebut sehingga layak dikategorikan rumah sederhana, dsb.

Tujuan Komunikatif Report:
Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala- gejala sosial.

Generic Structure:
General Classification – Description

Tenses yang digunakan adalah : "Present Tense".

Ciri Kebahasaan:
general nouns, seperti ‘Reptiles in Comodo Insland’. relating verbs untuk menjelaskan ciri, misalnya reptiles are scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku untuk semua reptilia). action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku, misalnya lizards cannot fly. present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum, misalnya Komodo dragons usually weight more than 160 kg. Istilah teknis, misalnya water contains oxygen and hydrogen. paragraf dengan topik sentence untuk menyusun sejumlah informasi.

Example:
RADIO
The radio is one of the most popular mass media in the world. Almost all people are familiar with it and most of them own one.
The radio is effective for distance communication. People get information about the world as soon as possible just by listening to the radio at home. They also find entertainment like drama, music, etc. on the radio. They can also use radio to send their family messages. Radio is also good for saying hello to a friend orn sends other kinds of messages just as a social interaction. The radio is very important to the police, too. During emergencies where telephones do not work and transportation is impossible, using radio will be very useful.
The history of the radio begins with Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian expert at telegraph. In 1901 he succeeded in transmitting the Morse code signal for the letter S from Cornwall, England to Newfoundland across the Atlantic.(*)

TAG QUESTION

# Tag question is a special construction in English. It is a statement followed by a mini-question. The whole sentence is a "tag question", and the mini-question at the end is called a "question tag".

# We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation. They mean something like: "Am I right?" or "Do you agree?" They are very common in English.

The basic structure is:
(+) Positive statement, (-) negative tag?
E.G. Snow is white, isn't it?
(-) Negative statement, (+)positive tag?
E.G. You don't like me, do you?

Some More Examples :
• But you don't really love her, do you?
• This will work, won't it?
• Well, I couldn't help it, could I?
• But you'll tell me if she calls, won't you?
• We'd never have known, would we?
• The weather's bad, isn't it?
• You won't be late, will you?
• Nobody knows, do they?
• You are coming, aren't you?
• We have finished, haven't we?
• You do like coffee, don't you?
• You like coffee, don't you?
• They will help, won't they?
• I can come, can't I?
• We must go, mustn't we?
• He should try harder, shouldn't he?
• You are English, aren't you?
• The moon goes round the earth, doesn't it? Yes, it does.
• The earth is bigger than the moon, isn't it? Yes.
• The earth is bigger than the sun, isn't it? No, it isn't!
• Asian people don't like rice, do they? Yes, they do!
• Elephants live in Europe, don't they? No, they don't!
• Men don't have babies, do they? No.
• The English alphabet doesn't have 40 letters, does it? No, it doesn't.

Tag Questions Quiz
1. He's still sleeping,
2. You do go to school,
3. Let's go for a walk,
4. We won't be late,
5. Nobody called,
6. They will wash the car,
7. We must lock the doors,
8. I'm correct,
9. So you bought a car, ………….. Congratulations!
10.You wouldn't want to invite my Dad,

good luck

VERB TENSE OVERVIEW WITH EXAMPLES

SIMPLE PRESENT
I study English every day.

Present Continuous
I am studying English now.

Present Perfect
I have studied English in several different countries.

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been studying English for five years.

SIMPLE PAST
Two years ago, I studied English in England.

Past Continuous
I was studying English when you called yesterday.

Past Perfect
I had studied a little English before I moved to the U.S.

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been studying English for five years before I moved to the U.S.

SIMPLE FUTURE
# If you are having problems, I will help you to study English.
# I am going to study English next year.

Future Continuous
I will be studying English when you arrive tonight.

Future Perfect
I will have studied every tense by the time I finish this course.

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been studying English for over two hours by the time you arrive.

SIMPLE PAST FUTURE
I would marry her if she accepted my love last year.

Past Future Continuous
She would be coming on time to my party if she wasn’t busy last night.

Past Future Perfect
I would have died if nobody helped last night.

Past Future Perfect Continuous
I would have been studying English for over two hours by the time you arrived here last Night.

USING PAIRED CONJUNCTIONS

BOTH …………..AND; NOT ONLY ………… BUT ALSO;
EITHER ……… OR; NEITHER …….. NOR

EXAMPLE:

1. Both my mother and my sister are here
2. Not only mother but also my sister is here
3. Not only my sister but also my parents are here
4. Neither my mother nor my sister is here
5. Neither my sister nor parents are here

Answer the question. Use paired conjunction



Use both … and

1. You have met his father. Have you met his mother?
Yes, I have met both father and his mother
2. The driver was injured in the accident. Was the passenger injured in the accident?
3. Wheat is grown in Kansas. Is corn grown in Kansas?
4. He buys used cars. Does he sell used cars?
5. You had lunch with your friends. Did you have dinner with them?
6. The city suffers from air pollution. Does it suffer from water pollution?



Use not only … but also

1. I know you are studying math. Are you studying chemistry too?
Yes, I’m studying not only math but also chemistry
2. I know his cousin is living with him. Is his mother-in-law with him too?
3. I know your country has good universities. Does the United States have good
Universities too?
4. I know you lost your wallet. Did you lose your keys too?
5. I know she goes to school. Does he buy a new pair of shoes too?



Use either … or

1. John has your book, or Mary has your book. Is that right?
Yes, either John or Mary has my book
2. You’ve going to give you’re a book for her birthday, or you’re going to give her
a pen. Is this right?
3. Your sister will meet you at the airport, or your brother will meet you there.
Right
4. They can go swimming or they can play tennis. Is that right?
5. You’re going to vote for Mr. Smith, or you’re going to vote for Mr. Jones. Right
6. You’ll go to New Orleans for your vacation, or you’ll go to Miami. Right



Use neither … nor

1. He doesn’t like coffee. Does he like tea
No, he likes neither coffee nor tea
2. Her husband doesn’t speak English. Do her children speak English?
3. The students aren’t wide awake today. Is the teacher wide awake today?
4. They don’t have a refrigerator for their new apartment. Do they have a stove?
5. She doesn’t enjoy hunting. Does she enjoy fishing?
6. The result wasn’t good. Was the result bad?

GOOD LUCK

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Descriptive Text/Teks Deskriptif, adalah teks yang mendiskripsikan, menggambarkan, atau menguraikan tentang sesuatu, misalnya benda, orang ataupun tempat tertentu.

Uraian teks ini biasanya meliputi karakteristik, jenis, bentuk, fungsi dan hal-hal terperinci tentang “sesuatu” tersebut.

Ciri-ciri Descriptive Text:
1. Struktur umumnya (generic structure) terdiri dari:
• Identification:
Bagian (kalimat) yang memperkenalkan (introducing) sesuatu.
• Description:
Bagian yang berisi uraian atau gambaran tentang sesuatu tersebut, misalnya
tentang jenis dan bentuknya.
2. Grammatical Features umumnya tenses “simple present”
3. Isi teks fokus pada pembahasan terperinci mengenai sesuatu atau benda yang
dimaksud.

Contoh Descriptive Text:

THE WHITE HOUSE
One of the most famous buildings in Washington D.C. is the White House. It is the home of the president of the United States.
The White House is a very large white building. It has three main parts, namely the main building and two wings (west and east wings). The main building has large central porches. The porches have tall columns. Large lawns and gardens surround the White House.(*)



Generic Structure teks di atas sebagai berikut:

Identification:
One of the most famous buildings in Washington D.C. is the White House.

Description:
It is the home of the president of the United States. The White House is a very large white building. It has three main parts, namely the main building and two wings (west and east wings). The main building has large central porches. The porches have tall columns. Large lawns and gardens surround the White House.



good luck

SNAKE

Snakes are reptiles. They belong to the same group as lizards (the scaled group, Squamata) but form a sub-group of their own (Serpentes)
Snakes have two legs but a long time ago they had claws to help them slither along. Snakes are not slimy. They are covered in scales which are just bumps on the skin. Their skin is hard and glossy to reduce friction as the snake slither along the ground.
Most snakes live in the country. Some types of snakes live in trees, some live in water, but most live on the ground in deserted rabbit burrows, in thick, long grass and in old logs. A snake’s diet usually consists of frogs, lizards, and mice and other snakes. The Anaconda can eat small crocodile and even wild boards.
Many snakes protect themselves with their fangs. Boa Constrictors can give you a bear hug which is so powerful it can crush every single bone in your body. Some snakes are protected by scaring their enemies away like the Cobra. The flying snakes glided away from danger. Their ribs spread apart and the skin stretches out. Its technique is just like sugar gliders.
Text source: Derewianka, 1990



Skill Development.

1. What is the main idea of the text?
a. Snakes are reptile
b. Snakes have two legs
c. Most snakes live in the country
d. Many snakes protect themselves with their fangs

2. Paragraph … describes about the physical description of snakes.
a. one b. two c. three d. four

3. The following statements are true except….
a. All snakes live in the country.
b. Snakes can be found mostly in the ground
c. Cobras protect themselves by scarring their enemies away
d. A snake does not only eat frogs and lizards but also other snakes

4. A snake’s diet usually consists of frogs, lizards, and mice and other snakes.
”(Paragraph 2). The word diet has the same meaning as .......
a. enemy b. predator c. prey d. friend

ANNOUNCEMENTS

Announcement 1:

To: all students
Since the flood in our neighbor is getting worse, it’s impossible to continue our study in our classes, you can study at home to school when the weather permits and once school informant you to do so.

Principal

Skill Development.
1.The announcement is about an instruction to…………
2.What happens to the school?
3.“You can come to school when the weather permits….”





Announcement 2:

Good morning, everyone.
Here is the weather forecast for Trowulan. Today, Trowulan will be mostly cloudy. Some rain showers in the afternoon are possible. So, if you have a plan to go somewhere, you’d better get your raincoat or umbrella ready.(*)


Skill Development.
1. What is text about?
2. According to the text, what is the weather in Jakarta like?
3. Why does the speaker suggest to get a raincoat or an umbrella ready?





Announcement 3:

Ladies and gentlemen
Air flight would be landing soon, please fasten your seat-belt, you mustn’t stand up during landing


Skill Development.
1. What must the passengers do before the plan is landing?
2. What is the purpose of the announcement?


Good Luck

SIMPLE DIALOGUE TO SHOW EXPRESSION OF LIKE AND DISLIKE

One evening Mr. & Mrs. Li visit Restu Bundo restaurant for having dinner.

Waitress : Excuse me, what can I do for you?
Mr. Li : Yes, would you like giving me the menu list please.
Waitress : Here you are, sir.
Mr. Li : Two plates of fried rice, please.
Waitress : What do you like to drink, sir.
Mr. Li : Well, a glass of tea for my wife and a cup of coffee.
Mrs. Li : Wait a minute, please.
Waitress : What else, Mum.
Mrs. Li : I don’t like sweet tea, so please don’t put any sugar In it.
Waitress : OK, madam. Wait a minute please.

===

Review 3

Read the dialogue:
1. Peter: Are you sure air pollution is more dangerous for the children?
Jim : Yes, I'm quite sure. It causes the illness for them.
2. Anne : Are you sure all the garbage is easy to destroy?
Marry : No, I doubt about it. The garbage like plastics is difficult to destroy

Answer these question based on the dialogue above!

1. Is Jim sure that air pollution is more dangerous for the children?
2. What does he say?
3. Is marry sure that all the garbage is easy to destroy?
4. What does she say?
5. Mention 3 expressions of certainty that you have known.



Read the dialogue carefully then answer the questions!

Dewi : “Have you ever gone to Sarangan?”
Arum : “Not yet. How is it like?”
Dewi : “ ……” You can enjoy the beautiful valleys from the peak and the Sarangan
lake. They look so wonderful.

1. The most suitable expression for the blanks above is …
a. It’s a pity b. It’s boring c. It’s amazing d. It’s too bad
2. What expression is used in the text?
a. certainty b. agreement c. admiration d. apologizing
3. Has Arum ever gone to Sarangan?
a. Yes, she has b. No, she hasn’t c. Yes, she did d. No, she didn’t


Give response by using expression of repetition
1. Would you mind repeating the song, please?…………………………………………….
2. Can I ask you something? …………………………………………….
3. Could you give your name card? …………………………………………….

Good Luck
Good Luck

Review 2

Complete the dialogues with the words/ expression in the box below!

a. Believe
b. I am not sure
c. Confirmed
d. Will rain
e. I am sure

1.A : Look the sky is very dark. It is cloudy
B : I am sure it ……………………………………
2.A : The boy is very weak and thin
B : ……………………………………he will win the game.
3.A : ……………………………………she can’t buy the house.
B : It is very expensive.
4.A : It is ……………………………………that the competition is cancelled
B : You are right. It rains heavily.
5.A : Do you ……………………………………that Rudi can do the test
B : No, I don’t. He never studies.


Read the dialogue carefully then answer the questions!

Dewi : “Have you ever gone to Sarangan?”
Arum : “Not yet. How is it like?”
Dewi : “ ……” You can enjoy the beautiful valleys from the peak and the Sarangan
lake. They look so wonderful.

1. The most suitable expression for the blanks above is …
a. It’s a pity b. It’s boring c. It’s amazing d. It’s too bad
2. What expression is used in the text?
a. certainty b. agreement c. admiration d. apologizing
3. Has Arum ever gone to Sarangan?
a. Yes, she has b. No, she hasn’t c. Yes, she did d. No, she didn’t


Give response by using expression of repetition
1. Would you mind repeating the song, please?…………………………………………….
2. Can I ask you something? …………………………………………….
3. Could you give your name card? …………………………………………….

Good Luck

Review 1

Answer these questions orally!
1. X : Do you believe that the God is only one?
Y : _________________ that God must be one.
2. X : Are you sure that there is oil in the sea ?
Y : _________________ there is oil under the sea.
3. X : Are you certain that you will pass your exam?
Y : _________________ I have studied many kinds of tests.
4. X : Does she believe Anton forgive her?
Y : _________________ Anton is a kind of person
5. X : Do your father believe the thief is still alive ?
Y : _________________ the thief felt from the high building.



Read the dialogue carefully then answer the questions!

Dewi : “Have you ever gone to Sarangan?”
Arum : “Not yet. How is it like?”
Dewi : “ …..” You can enjoy the beautiful valleys from the peak and the Sarangan lake. They look so wonderful.

1.The most suitable expression for the blanks above is …
a. It’s a pity
b. It’s boring
c. It’s amazing
d. It’s too bad

2.What expression is used in the text?
a. certainty
b. agreement
c. admiration
d. apologizing

3. Has Arum ever gone to Sarangan?
a. Yes, she has
b. No, she hasn’t
c. Yes, she did
d. No, she didn’t

Give response by using of expression of repetition.
1.Would you mind repeating the song, please? …………………………………………….
2.Can I ask you something? …………………………………………….
3.Could you give your name card? …………………………………………….


GOOD LUCK

GOING TO THE ZOO

Read the text then find some sentences in the form of simple past tense


Last week my parents, sister, brother and I went to the zoo. We went there for recreation. We left at 6.00 a.m. and arrived (here at 8.00 a.m. It is about a hundred kilometers to go to the zoo from my house. There were a lot of people watching a giant snake. The snake was there for about a week. It was 9 metres long. I thought it was the biggest snake I had ever seen. After going around and watching various animals, we went home. On the way home, we stopped at the Borobudur temple for half an hour.(*)

PROCEDURAL TEXT

What Is a Procedural Text?
Basically, procedural texts are part of our daily life. They tell us how something is done through steps or actions. We often use procedural texts, even though we rarely realize it. The examples are when we follow the instructions of a recipe on television, read a manual on, how to turn on a CD player, do a simple scientic experiment, etc.

The structure of a procedural text
 Goal/purpose
Example: Let’s Make Your Own Aquarium Ecosystem
 Materials (precise information, how long, how many, what type).
Example: water plants, a bucket
 Steps: What to do
Example: Spread the gravels over base of the tank.

The characteristics of a procedural text
 The frame (commands, details, how, with what)
Example: Put the gravel in a net and pour a jug full of water on it.
 The covering (where, action verbs).
Example: Place the tank in bright light.


Example :
Goals/Purpose:
Let’s Make a Monster with Bright Eyes
Materials:
You will need : • 2 bulbs in bulb holders, 3 wires, a battery, coloured card, coloured paper, scissors, sticky tape, glue.

Steps :
1.Attach a wire to each of the screws on one bulb holder.
2.Connect the other end of one of these wires to the second bulb holder. Connect
your third wire to the other screw on the second bulb holder.
3.Connect the loose wires to the ends of the battery.
4.Cut the card into a monster face with two eye holes. Push the bulbs through the
holes in the back of the card. Tape the bulbs and the battery onto the back of the
card.
5.Turn the monster face around. Finish it by gluing on a paper mouth and nose. Watch
the eyes glow!

Answer based on example above!
1.What should you do to make a monster?
2.Where should you attach a wire?
3.Which tool should you connect to the second bulb holder?
4.What do you connect to the ends of the battery?
5.Where do you push the bulbs to?
6.Where should you tape the bulbs and the battery?

good luck

JAVANESE FOLKLORES

LORO JONGGRANG


Long time ago, there was a kingdom named Prambanan. All the people of Prambanan lived peacefully. But then, Prambanan kingdom was attacked and occupied by the Pengging kingdom. Prambanan then was ruled by Bandung Bondowoso of Pengging kingdom. He was a mean king. He also had great supernatural power. His soldiers were not only humans, but also genies.


The king of Prambanan had a beautiful daughter named Loro Jonggrang. Bandung Bondowoso fell in love with her and wanted to marry her. “You’re very beautiful. Would you be my queen?” asked Bandung Bondowoso. Loro Jonggrang was shocked. She didn’t like Bandung Bondowoso because he was a mean person. She wanted to refuse, but she afraid that Bandung Bondowoso would be angry and endangered the people of Prambanan. Then, she came up with a plan. “If you want to marry me, you have to build a thousand temples for me in just one night," said Loro Jonggrang. “What? That’s impossible!” said Bandung Bondowoso. But he did not give up. He consulted with his advisor. “Your Majesty can asked the genies to help built the temples,” said the advisor.


So, Bandung Bondowoso summoned his entire genies soldier and commanded them to help him built a thousand temples. The genies worked in unbelievable speed. Meanwhile, Loro Jonggrang heard from her servant that the building of a thousand temples was almost finished. She was so worried. But again, she came up with a great idea. She asked all of her servants to help her. "Please prepare a lot of straw and mortar. Please hurry up!" said Loro Jonggrang. “Burn the straw and make some noise pounding the mortar, quickly.” All those servants did what Loro Jonggrang ordered them; burning straw and pounding the mortar, making the genies think that the sun is going to rise.


“It’s already dawn. We have to go,” said the leader of the genies to Bandung Bondowoso. All the genies immediately stopped their work and ran for cover from the sun, which they afraid of. They didn’t know that the light was from the fire that burning the straw, not from the sun.


Bandung Bondowoso can’t stop the genies from leaving. He was angry. He knew Loro Jonggrang had just tricked him. "You cannot fool me, Loro Jonggrang. I already have 999 temples. I just need one more temple. Now, I will make you the one-thousandth temple." He pointed his finger to Loro Jonggrang and said some mantras. Magically, Loro Jonggrang’s body turned into stone. Until now, the temple is still standing in Prambanan area, Central Java. And the temple is called Loro Jonggrang temple.***


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TIMUN EMAS


Long time ago, lived an old women named Mbok Sirni. She lived by herself because her husband had long passed away and she had no children. Every day, she prayed so God would give her a child. One night, when she was praying, a giant passed her house and heard her pray. “I can give you a child on one condition,” the giant said to Mbok Sirni, “You must give the child back to me when it is six years old.” Mbok Sirni was so happy; she did not think about the risk of losing the child later and agreed to take the giant’s offer. The giant then gave her a bunch of cucumber seeds. “Plant it around your house.” The giant then left without saying anything else. In the morning, Mbok Sirni planted the seeds. The seeds grew within mere days, and blossomed plentifully.Not longer after that, a big golden cucumber grew from plants. Carefully, Mbok Sirni plucked the golden cucumber and carried it home. With caution and care, she sliced the cucumber. She was very surprised to see a beautiful baby girl inside the cucumber. She then named the baby Timun Emas (it means Golden Cucumber).


Years passed by and Timun Emas has grew to become a lovely and beautiful little girl. She was also smart and kind. Mbok Sirni loved her very much. But she kept thinking about the time the giant would take Timun Emas away from her. One night, Mbok Sirni had a dream. In order to save Timun Emas from the giant, she had to meet the holy man who lived in Mount Gundul. The next morning, Mbok Sirni took leave of Timun Emas to go to Mount Gundul. The holy man then gave her four little bags, each one containing cucumber seeds, needles, salt, and shrimp paste. “Timun Emas can use these to protect herself,” said the holy man to Mbok Sirni.


A few days later, the giant came to see Mbok Sirni about her promise. “Mbok Sirni! Where is Timun Emas?” shouted the giant. "My daughter, take these bag with you. It can save you from the giant. Now, run through the back door," said Mbok Sirni. But the giant saw Timun Emas running to the woods. The giant was angry. Starved and enraged, he rushed toward Timun Emas. Mbok Sirni tried to stop him, but the giant was unstoppable.


The giant was getting closer and closer, so Timun Emas opened the first bag she got from Mbok Sirni. Inside the bag were cucumber seeds. She threw the seeds, and instantly they grew into large cucumber field. But the giant ate them all, giving him more strength. As the giant was getting close, Timun Emas took the second bag with needles inside and spilled the content behind her. The needles turned into bamboo trees, sharp and thorny. The giant’s body was scratched and bled. “Aaargh, I’ll get you, Timun Emas!” shouted the giant as he tried to get himself out from the bamboo field. He made it and still chasing Timun Emas.


Timun Emas then reached the third bag and spilled the salt inside. The ground which the salt touched turned into a deep sea. The giant almost drown and had to swim to cross the sea. After some time, he managed to get out from the water. Timun Emas saw the giant coming, so she reached for the last bag. She took the shrimp paste and threw it. The shrimp paste became a big swamp of boiling mud. The giant was trapped in the middle of the swamp. The mud slowly but surely drowned him. Helpless, he roared out, “Help! Heeeeelp…!” Then the giant drown and died. Timun Mas then immediately went home. Since then, Timun Emas and Mbok Sirni live happily ever after.***


unknown source

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Mouse Deer and Crocodile


One day, Mouse Deer went down to the river to take a drink. But he knew that the crocodile might be waiting underwater to eat him, so he said out loud. “I wonder if the water’s warm. I’ll put in my leg and find out.” Of course Mouse Deer didn’t put in his leg. He picked up a stick instead and put one end into the water. Chomp…! Crocodile grabbed the stick and pulled it underwater. Mouse Deer laughed. “Ha… ha…ha… Stupid crocodile! Cant you tell the difference between a stick and a leg?” Then Mouse Deer ran off to drink somewhere else.


In the next day, Mouse Deer wanted to cross the river. He wanted to eat the fruits on the other side of the river. He saw a floating log in the river. He knew that Crocodile looked like a log when he floated. Mouse Deer didn’t want to be eaten by Crocodile when he crosses the river. He had an idea. He called out loud, “Crocodile!” Crocodile rose from the water, “Hello, Mouse Deer. Have you come to be my lunch?” Mouse Deer smiled. “Sorry, not today, Crocodile. I have orders from the King. He wants to invite all the crocodiles in this river to a party. He wants me to count all the crocodiles so he could prepare enough meal for you.”


“Really…? Tell us what to do,” said Crocodile. “You must line up from this side of the river to the other side,” said Mouse Deer. Crocodile then got all his friends and family. They lined up across the river. Mouse Deer then jumped onto Crocodile’s back. “One,” he counted. He jumped onto the next crocodile, “Two.” And the next crocodile, “Three.” Mouse Deer kept jumping until he arrived on the other side of the river. “How many are there?” asked Crocodile. “Just enough,” said Mouse Deer. He laughed as he ran to the forest.***


unknown source

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Mouse Deer and Tiger


One upon a time, there was a mouse deer living in a forest. Although he was small, he wasn’t afraid of the other bigger animals who wanted to eat him. He was so smart; he always managed to ditch them. One day, a tiger was wandering around for food. He hadn't been eating for days. He was really hungry. While he was walking in the forest, he saw Mouse Deer. The tiger wanted to eat him.


Tiger slowly ducked, crawled, approaching Mouse Deer, then..."Gotcha!" said Tiger. He caught Mouse Deer. “Hello, Mouse Deer! I’m really hungry right now. You’ll be my lunch!” said Tiger. Mouse Deer didn’t want to be his lunch. He tried to be calm. He looked around and saw some buffalo’s dung. He had an idea. “I’m sorry, Tiger. I can’t be your lunch now. The King has ordered me to guard his cake,” said Mouse Deer calmly. “His cake?” said Tiger curiously. “Yes, there it is. It’s very delicious. The King doesn’t want anyone else to eat it, so he ordered me to guard it,” Mouse Deer pointed the buffalo’s dung. “Can I taste it?” Tiger asked. “Of course you can’t. The King would be very angry,” said Mouse Deer refused. “Just one little bite, Mouse Deer! The King will never know,” said Tiger. “Well, okay, Tiger. But first let me run far away, so the King won’t blame me,” said Mouse Deer. “All right, Mouse deer. You can go now.” Mouse Deer ran quickly out of sight. Tiger then took a big mouthful of the ‘cake’. “Phoooey!” He spit it out. “Yuck, that’s not cake. That’s buffalo’s dung.”


Tiger ran through the forest. He caught up with Mouse Deer. “Mouse Deer, you tricked me. But now you will be my lunch.” Mouse Deer looked around and saw a wasp nest in a tree. “I’m sorry, Tiger. I can’t be your lunch now. The King has ordered me to guard his drum,” said Mouse Deer calmly. “His drum?” said Tiger curiously. “Yes, there it is. It has the best sound in the world. The King doesn’t want anyone else to hit it,” Mouse Deer pointed the wasp nest. “Can I hit the King’s drum?” Tiger asked. “Of course you can’t. The King would be very angry,” said Mouse Deer refused. “Just one little hit, Mouse Deer! The King will never know,” said Tiger. ”Well, all right, Tiger. But first let me run far away, so the King won’t blame me,” said Mouse Deer. “All right, Mouse Deer. You can go now.” Mouse Deer ran quickly out of sight. Tiger then reached up and hit the wasp nest. Bzzzzzzz…! “Ouch…ouch! That’s not a drum. That a wasp nests!”


Tiger ran away. But the wasps keep following him. He came to the river. He jumped in and stayed underwater as long as he could. At last the wasps went away. Then he jumped out. He ran through the forest till he found Mouse Deer. “Mouse Deer, you tricked me again. But now you will be my lunch.” Mouse Deer looked around and saw a cobra. The snake was coiled asleep on the ground. “I’m sorry, Tiger. I can’t be your lunch now. The King has ordered me to guard his belt,” said Mouse Deer calmly. “His belt?” said Tiger curiously. “Yes. There it is. It’s the best belt in the world. The King doesn’t want anyone else to wear it,” Mouse Deer pointed the cobra. “Can I wear it?” Tiger asked. “Of course you can’t. The King would be very angry,” said Mouse Deer refused. “Just for one moment, Mouse Deer! The King will never know,” said Tiger. ”Well, all right, Tiger. But first let me run far away, so the King won’t blame me,” said Mouse Deer. “All right, Mouse Deer. You can go now.” Mouse Deer ran quickly out of sight. Tiger then took the snake and started to warp it around himself. The cobra woke up. It squeezed Tiger and bit him. SSssssstt! “Oouch! Ow! Ooow! That’s not a belt! That’s a cobra! Help! Mouse Deer! Help!” But Mouse Deer was already far away. He laughed aloud. Mouse Deer was safe from Tiger now.***


unknown source

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Aji Saka


A long time ago there was a kingdom called Medang Kamulan. The kingdom of Medang Kamulan was ruled by Prabu Dewata Cengkar. The people in the kingdom were very scared by the king. It was because the king liked to eat human flesh. Once a week, he commanded his messenger, Patih Jugul Muda, to find him a human to eat.


Far away from the kingdom of Medang Kamulan, there was a village called Medang Kawit. A young man named Aji Saka lived there. Aji Saka was a brave young man. He loved to help people who needed help. One day, Aji Saka saw an old man lying unconscious on the ground. The old man was wounded. Some thieves just hit him and stole his money. Aji Saka then carried the old man to his hut. Soon after, the old man started to regain consciousness. “Where…am I?” he asked. “You’re in my house. You’re safe now,” said Aji Saka. It turned out that the old man was from the kingdom of Medang Kamulan. “Everybody was leaving Medang Kamulan,” the old man told Aji Saka. He also told him about Prabu Dewata Cengkar’s bad habit. “We were terrified, that’s why we left,” The old man said.


After he heard the explanation from the old man, Aji Saka decided to go meet Prabu Dewata Cengkar and make him stop the menace. With his magical white turban on his head, Aji Saka went to the kingdom. The turban was a gift from his Guru that could be used to fight evil. On his journey to Medang Kamulan, Aji Saka passed through a very dark forest where he met an evil genie. The genie blocked his path. “If you want to get through this forest, you must be my slave for ten years,” the genie demanded. Aji Saka refused to be the genie’s slave. The two of them then fight for seven days and seven nights, until at last Aji Saka came out as winner. The genie finally allowed Aji Saka to pass through the forest.


When Aji Saka arrived in the kingdom of Medang Kamulan, the king was angry to Patih Jugul Muda. He was not able to find the king some humans. “If you can’t find me any humans, I’ll eat you instead,” Prabu Dewata Cengkar said to Patih Jugul Muda. After Patih Jugul Muda left, Aji Saka revealed himself. Prabu Dewata Cengkar’s eyes suddenly widened upon seeing Aji Saka. He could already imagine how delicious his meat would taste. “Who are you?” asked Prabu Dewata Cengkar. “I am Aji Saka from the village of Medang Kawit,” Aji Saka answered. “Ha...ha...ha.... I’m glad you came here. You would be my meal. I'm starving,” said the king.


“I would gladly let you eat me, but I want something in return.” Aji Saka said. “What is it that you want?” asked Prabu Dewata Cengkar. “I want a land as large as my turban,” said Aji Saka. He then took off his turban and threw it on the ground. Prabu Dewata Cengkar agreed. He himself would measure the land with Aji Saka’s turban. Suddenly the turban grew bigger and bigger. It just kept on stretching until it finally covered the whole kingdom. Prabu Dewata Cengkar was angry. He then attacked Aji Saka. But, then the turban wrapped itself around him and began to strangle him. The turban then threw the king’s body to the South Sea. The waves carried Prabu dewata Cengkar away until he finally drowned and died.


Aji Saka then asked the people of Medang Kamulan to come back to the kingdom. They all thanked the brave Aji Saka. They also agreed to make Aji Saka to be their king. Aji Saka then ruled the kingdom wisely. Under the leadership of Aji Saka, Medang Kamulan become a peaceful and prosperous kingdom.***



unknown source

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Jaka Tarub and Nawang Wulan


Jaka Tarub was a handsome and diligent young man. He lived in a village near a lake. One day, when Jaka Tarub passed the lake, he heard some giggles and laughs of some girls who were bathing in the lake. He was curious, so he peeped through the bushes. There were seven beautiful girls in the lake. They’re fairies from the heavenly kingdom of kahyangan. Jaka Tarub saw a scarf near the bushes. It belonged to one of the fairies. Jaka Tarub then took it and hid it.


Crack!!! Accidentally, Jaka Tarub stepped on a twig. “There’s someone!” said one of the fairies. “Let’s get back. Hurry!” she said. They pulled over and wear their scarf. “Where is my scarf?” one of the fairies couldn’t find her scarf. She was the youngest fairy called Nawang Wulan. They tried to search for it, but it was no where to be found. “We’re sorry, Wulan. We have to go back to kahyangan,” said the eldest fairy. “You’ll have to find it by yourself. We’ll wait for you in kahyangan,” she said in empathy. The other fairies then flew to the sky leaving Nawang Wulan behind. Nawang Wulan saw them leaving in tears. She was so sad.


“Excuse me …,” said Jaka Tarub, startling Nawang Wulan. “Are you okay?” he asked. Nawang Wulan moved backward, “Who are you?” she asked. “My name is Jaka Tarub. I was passing by and I heard you crying, so I came to see what happen,” Jaka Tarub lied. Nawang Wulan then told him about her problem. “I can’t fly without my scarf,” she said. Jaka Tarub then asked Nawang Wulan to come home with him. At first, Nawang Wulan refused the offer. But since she didn’t have anywhere else to go, Nawang Wulan then decided to follow Jaka Tarub.


Nawang Wulan stayed with Jaka Tarub in the village. A month passed, and they decided to get married. Nawang Wulan was willing to marry a human because she fell in love with Jaka Tarub. After a year, they had a beautiful daughter. They named her Kumalasari. They lived happily.


Jaka Tarub was also happy to live with Nawang Wulan and Kumalasari. Especially because he always got a lot of harvest since he married Nawang Wulan. He couldn’t even keep all of his harvest in the barn because it was always full. “It’s so weird. Nawang Wulan cooked everyday, but why is my barn always full,” Jaka Tarub mumbled to himself. He was so curious. One day, Jaka Tarub stayed at home. “I want to stay home today. I’d like to play with Kumalasari,” he said to his wife. “Well, I’ll go to the river to wash the clothes. Please keep an eye on Kumalasari,” asked Nawang Wulan. “I’m cooking rice now. Please do not open the pan cover before it’s done,” she said just before she left. “Could this be the secret?” Jaka Tarub thought. After Nawang Wulan left, he curiously opened the pan cover. He found only one single paddy. “How come?” he wondered.


Before lunch, Nawang Wulan came home. She headed to the kitchen to see the rice she had cooked. She found that the rice turned into only a few grains. “Did you open the pan cover?” she asked her husband. “I… I’m sorry. I was curious,” Jaka Tarub said as he realized his fault.


Ever since, Nawang Wulan had lost her power. She couldn’t cook rice with only a single paddy. Their paddy supply was slowly lessened. Their barn was almost empty. One day, Nawang Wulan went to the barn to get some paddy. When she took one of them, she found a scarf. “What’s this? This is my scarf,” said Nawang Wulan startled.


That night, Nawang Wulan asked her husband about the scarf. Jaka Tarub’s eyes widened, “You found it?” he asked. Jaka Tarub looked down and asked for her forgiveness. “Because I’ve found my scarf, it’s time for me to go back to where I belong,” Nawang Wulan said. Jaka Tarub tried to stop her, but Nawang Wulan had made up her mind. “Please take good care of Kumalasari,” she said. “If she wanted to see me, take seven grains of candlenut and put it into a basket. Shake it as you play the bamboo flute. I’ll come to see her,” she explained.


Jaka Tarub promised to take good care of their daughter. He once again asked for forgiveness for all of his mistakes. “I’ve forgiven you, so you don’t have to feel guilty. I must go now. Take care,” said Nawang Wulan as she flew to the bright full moon.***


unknown source
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Cindelaras


Raden Putra was the king of Jenggala kingdom. He had a beautiful queen and concubine. Unlike the queen, the concubine had bad personalities. She was envious and jealous with the queen, so she planned to make the queen leave the palace. The concubine then asked the royal healer to help her in her plan. One day, the concubine pretended to be ill. Raden Putra called the royal healer to give the concubine treatments. “What is her disease?” Raden Putra asked the royal healer. “I’m very sorry, My Majesty. She is sick because the queen put poison in her meal,” the royal healer lied.


Raden Putra was shock and angry to hear the explanation. He called the queen and asked her if the story was true. Of course the queen denied, but Raden Putra won’t listen. “Please Your Majesty, have mercy. I really didn’t do anything,” cried the queen in her tears. Raden Putra’s anger ended in a decision. The queen should be banished to the woods and terminated. He did not know that the queen was already pregnant. Raden Putra commanded one of his general to do the punishment. The queen was banished to the woods, but the wise general didn’t have the heart to kill her. He built a simple house in the woods for her. On his way back to the palace, he smeared his sword with rabbit blood, so Raden Putra would believe that he had killed the queen.


After the general left, the queen lived by herself in the woods. Several months later, she gave birth to a healthy baby boy. The baby was named Cindelaras. He grew up as a nice, healthy, and handsome boy. One day, while Cindelaras helped her mother to collect some fire woods, an eagle dropped an egg. Cindelaras brought the egg to be brooded by a chicken behind their house. The egg hatched into a chick and then it slowly became a strong rooster. The rooster is no ordinary rooster. The rooster could sing. Every morning, the rooster woke Cindelaras up with its beautiful song, “My master is Cindelaras. His house is in the woods. He’s the son of Raden Putra.” The rooster often sang that song.


Cindelaras always woke up early in the morning and listen happily to his rooster’s song. He didn’t realize the meaning of the song until one day, he started to think. “Who is Raden Putra?” he asked his mother. The queen then told him the whole story. She also told him why they were banned from the kingdom and lived in the woods. Cindelaras was very surprised. He decided to go to the palace to meet the king, his father. Cindelaras asked her mother’s permission to go to the kingdom and to tell the king what really happened. He also brought his rooster that grew bigger and stronger each day.


On his way, Cindelaras stopped at a village. There, he met some people who were involved in cockfighting. They challenge him to see how strong his rooster was. “If your rooster wins, you’ll get a reward,” said the man who challenged him. Cindelaras accepted the challenge. In a few minutes, his rooster defeated the opponent’s rooster. He was challenged again by other man, and one more time, his rooster won. He won again and again.


The news about Cindelaras’ rooster quickly spread to the whole Jenggala kingdom and made Raden Putra curious. So, he invited Cindelaras to the palace. “What is your name, boy?” Raden Putra asked as Cindelaras arrived in the palace. “My name is Cindelaras, Your Majesty,” Cindelaras answered. He felt both thrilled and happy to see Raden Putra.


Raden Putra challenged Cindelaras with one condition. If Raden Putra’s rooster won, Cindelaras’ head would be cut off. But if Cindelaras’ rooster won, Raden Putra would share half of his wealth. Cindelaras accepted the condition. The competition was held in the front yard of the palace. The two roosters fought bravely. But in just a few minutes, Cindelaras’ rooster won the fight! Raden Putra shook his head and stared at Cindelaras from his seat, “That rooster is no ordinary rooster, and the boy is not an ordinaty boy either. Who is he exactly?” he thought. Raden Putra was about to asked when suddenly Cindelaras’ rooster sang the song, “My master is Cindelaras. His house is in the woods. He’s the son of Raden Putra.”


Raden Putra was surprised. “Is it true?” he asked. “Yes, My Majesty. My name is Cindelaras and my mother was the queen,” said Cindelaras. Raden putra called the general who had banished the queen. The general then confessed that he never killed the queen. Later, the royal healer also admitted his mistake. Raden Putra was so shocked. He immediately went to the woods to pick up the queen. Ever since, Cindelaras and his parents lived happily together. As for the concubine, she was sent to the jail as punishment.***


===================

THE LEGEND of WATER LILY

Posted by smarthink | Sunday, November 29, 2009 |
One upon a time, there was Umbul Wening Kingdom. The king was King Ranubanu. He was a wise king. He loved his people. He always took care of them. The king had a daughter. Her name was Princess Dewi Arum. She was very beautiful. Her skin was very smooth. She also smells very good. She lovedswimming and playing in the water. She often spent her time swimming in the pond.
The king was very very sad. A lot of people suffered a strange disease. Lots of them died. The king had asked the palace healers to cure the sick people. Sadly none of them could find the cure. He had an idea. He announced that he would give half of his wealth to anyone who could cure the sick people.
People from other kingdoms came. Again they could not help the people. While the king was almost hopeless, there came an old man.
He said, "Your majesty, I know how to cure them. The medicine is a beautiful flower that grows in the lake. However, not anyone can pick the flower. There has to be the most beautiful girl in the kingdom who can pick it."
The king was silent. He knew the most beautiful girl in the kingdom was his daughter. However, he was hesitant to ask his daughter to do the difficult task. Recently the princess was only staying in her room. She was not allowed to go outside of her room. The king was afraid that she would be infected by the disease. Theking knew that by asking his daughter to go outside she would risk herself. He talked to his daughter and asked her to decide.
"I will go, Father. If I am the only one who can pick the flower, yes I will go. I don't want to see our people dying," said Princess Dewi Arum.
Later, the princess left the palace. She was accompanied by the old man and some soldiers. The old man guided them to find the lake. After having a long journey, they finally found the lake. The old man and the soldiers stayed a bit far from the lake. The princess went to the lake alone. When she was standing at the side of the lake, she was amazed with the water.
The water was clear and it looked so fresh. The princess had not been swimming for a long time. She really missed spending her time playing in the water. Without waiting any longer, she jumped out and swam in the lake.
The soldiers and the old man patiently waited for the princess. They thought that she was still looking for the flower. They did not know that she was having fun swimming in the lake.
They waited for days and none dared to go to the lake. Finally, one soldier went back to the palace. He talked to the king about the princess. And the king decided to go to the lake. He was worried.
When he arrived at the lake, the king was really angry. He saw his daughter was only swimming and not looking for the flower.
"Dewi Arum!What are you doing here? You're supposed to find the flower and not swimming and having fun like this!" said the king. He was really angry.
"I...I...I am sorry, Father. I forgot," said the princess.
"You forgot? If you really want to stay in the lake, then you can stay forever!" said the king.
Amazingly, right after the king finished his sentence, the princess changed into a beautiful flower. The king was sad but it was too late. He picked the flower and gave it to the old man. The old man used the flower as the medicine and the people were all cured.
The people were very grateful. They were also thankful to God. Since then, they named the flower as teratai or water lily.


======================

NARRATIVE TEXT

Teks yang berisi tentang sebuah cerita atau dongeng dan di dalamnya terdapat konflik/puncak masalah yang diikuti dengan penyelesaian.
The function of the text is to amuse, entertain, and to deal with actual or various experience in different ways.

Generic Structure : Orientation - Complication - Evaluation (optional) – Resolution

Orientation :
Berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (it is about WHO, WHEN, and WHERE the story happened)

Complication :
Berisi puncak masalah/konflik dalam cerita. Sebuah cerita boleh memiliki complication lebih dari satu

Evaluation :
Ini merupakan optional (boleh ada boleh tidak), biasanya dipakai untuk membuat jalan cerita lebih menarik.

Resolution :
Pemecahan masalah (it is the solution of the problem. It can be a happy or sad ending)



EXAMPLE 1

THE BOY WHO CRIED "WOLF"
There was once a shepherd-boy who kept his flock at a little distance from the village. Once he thought he would play a trick on the villagers and have some fun at their expense. So he ran toward the village crying out, with all his might,
“Wolf! Wolf! Come and help! The wolves are at my lambs!”
The kind villagers left their work and ran to the field to help him. But when they got there the boy laughed at them for their pains; there was no wolf there.
Still another day the boy tried the same trick, and the villagers came running to help and got laughed at again. Then one day a wolf did break into the fold and began killing the lambs. In great fright, the boy ran for help. “Wolf! Wolf!” he screamed. “There is a wolf in the flock! Help!”
The villagers heard him, but they thought it was another mean trick; no one paid the least attention, or went near him. And the shepherd-boy lost all his sheep.
Moral value:
That is the kind of thing that happens to people who lie: even when they tell the truth no one believes them.



EXAMPLE 2

CINDERELLA
Once upon a time there was a girl called Cinderella. She lived with her stepsisters and stepmother. They treated her badly. She had to do all the house work. One day an invitation to the ball came to the family. But, her stepsisters would not let her go. Cinderella was sad. The stepsisters went to the ball without her. Fortunately, the fairy godmother came and helped her to get to the ball. At the ball, Cinderella danced with the prince. The prince fell in love with her and then married her. They lived happily ever after.

Source: 366 and More Fairy Tales, 1990

WEARING HIJAB

Wearing Hijab is one the other things a muslim woman does. It is recommended in Annisa’:25. Nevertheless, many people feel difficult to put it on. Some start to put it on, but take it off easily for the reason of job or school.
The main reason of wearing it should be because God asks us to do it. It is a form of submission to God and not submitting to what society says we should look like. Once we teach ourselves to see God in everything we do and keep God in our hearts, then our faith will be strong, and we will want to obey God and his orders, whether it is praying, fasting, giving charity, and many other good jobs. With that point, we will probably decide to wear Hijab with never putting it off in whatever condition.

Glossary:
Wearing : memakai, mengenakan
Put-on : memakai, mengenakan
Take off : melepas
Submission : menyerahkan diri, penghambaan
Decide : memutuskan
Orders : perintah-perintah

FASTING IN ISLAM

Fasting during Ramadhan is one of the 5 pillars of Islam. This is because the prophet Muhammad (peace upon him) said Islam is upheld by 5 pillars: First, to bear witness that there is no other God but Allah and that Muhammad is his messenger. The second is to pray regularly. Third, to pay zakat (i.e. divine tax) to the poor. Fourth, to fast during the month of Ramadhan. Fifth, to visit the house of God in Mecca in a lifetime, for those who are able to make the journey.
Fasting can be defined as abstaining from eating, drinking, smoking and having sexual intercourse from dawn to sunset. Fasting for the month of Ramadhan was prescribed during the second year of Hijra. Fasting was an ancient form of worship prescribed by God from the beginning of time. The aim of ordering people to fast is that they should learn how to be patient, to have good morals, to purify their hearts, to ennoble their character and to be gentle in dealing with people. One should feel the sufferings of hunger and thirst in order to be quick to help those who are suffering when seeing them. One must always learn to feel the fear of God and his Mercy. Fasting in Islam has been prescribed by Qur’an and the saying of the prophet. The Qur’an says: “O, you who believe, fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that you may learn self-restraint” (Qur’an 2:183).
The reward of the accepted fasting is paradise. God the almighty gives great reward for fasting is secret between man and his God, therefore, it is the only aspect of worship that has been attributed to God. It has come traditions of the prophet when he said: “Any kind of good action done by the children of Adam will be rewarded ten times to seven hundred times and may be more, according to the will of God.” God said: “Except fasting for it is an attribute of Me and I will reward it, because one who fasts is giving up his desires and his food for my sake.” Fasting is a protection. When one is fasting he should not utter bad words, he should not raise his voice. If someone insults him, or fights him, he should remind himself that he is fasting by saying: “I am fasting, I swear by God, who has Muhammad’s soul in his hand that the smell of mouth of the one who fasts is better than perfume in the sight of Alloh.”

From Mimbar Magazine Agustus 2010


Glossaries:
To uphold : menegakkan
Witness : kesaksian, saksi
To prescribe : menentukan, membuat resep

JAVANESE WEDDING CEREMONY

In every culture a wedding is always an extraordinary event, as it is in Javanese culture. Traditionally, in Javanese culture, before the wedding day a bride has to stay apart from the bridegroom for 40 days. What a long period of time! It is called “pingitan”. What are these suppose to do? The girl particularly, has to keep her body and face clean by using a kind of traditional herbal powder called “lulur” so that on the wedding day her skin will look bright and soft.
On the last day of her “pingitan”, there is a ceremony called “siraman” in which seven elderly relatives will bathe bride. On this occasion, the bride is bathed in water with certain kinds of flowers, that is, the “kembang setaman”. Then, she dressed up by a “dukun rias”, a beautician. A part of the “siraman” water is sent to the bridegroom for his bath. In the evening, the bride’s family holds the other ceremony so called “malam widodaren” (the fairy’s night) as a farewell party for her. It is a symbol before she leaves home and begins her new life. Many of her friends and relatives come to the party.(*)
From MIMBAR magazine May 2010 edition


Glossary:
Wedding : pernikahan
Ceremony : upacara
Extraordinary : khusus
A bride : mempelai laki-laki
A bridegroom : mempelai perempuan

Dialogue TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF

Interviewer : Good morning. Please, sit down.
Candidate : Thank you.
Interviewer : Welcome to our office. My name is Agung Sutejo. And on my right is
Sukma Ayu.
Candidate : Yes, that’s right.
Interviewer : We’ve received your application letter, resume and credentials.
Now we are going to interview you to get more data about you. To
start with, would you please tell me a little about yourself?
Candidate : All right. My name’s Andi Kurniawan Arifin. My friends usually
call me Andi. That’s my nickname. I’m from Mojokerto, but actually
I was born in Ujung Pandang and grew up in Jombang. My father was
an Army so he moved from one city to the other city. Now, I live
with my parents in Mojokerto. Then I’m a fresh graduate from
Airlangga University Surabaya. I studied economics there. I’m a
hard-working and a creative person who possesses leadership and
managerial skill as well as technical writing skill. Being able to
speak English and French fluently will surely benefit me much to
carry out my work later. Well………. , I heard that your company
offering a position as a staff for Human Resources and Development
department. So I’m here now to apply for the position as I believe
that I have the skill and qualifications.(*)


Vocabularies:

Full-name : nama lengkap
Nickname : nama panggilan
Grow-up : tumbuh subur
Credentials : dokumen-dokumen penting
Have a seat : duduklah
Apply for a job : melamar pekerjaan
Offer : menawarkan
Posses : memiliki, mempunyai
Position : jabatan, kedudukan
Benefit : memberi keuntungan
Carry out : menjalankan

CINDERELLA & THE LEGEND OF LAKE BATUR

CINDERELLA

Once upon a time there was a girl called Cinderella. She lived with her stepsisters and stepmother. They treated her badly. She had to do all the house work. One day an invitation to the ball came to the family. But, her stepsisters would not let her go. Cinderella was sad. The stepsisters went to the ball without her. Fortunately, the fairy godmother came and helped her to get to the ball. At the ball, Cinderella danced with the prince. The prince fell in love with her and then married her. They lived happily ever after.

Source: 366 and More Fairy Tales, 1990


THE LEGEND OF LAKE BATUR

A long time ago, there lived on the island of Bali a giant likes creature named Kbo Iwo. The people of Bali used to say that Kbo Iwo was everything, a destroyer as well as a creator. He was satisfied with the meal, but this meant for the Balinese people enough food for a thousand men.
Difficulties arose when for the first time the barns were almost empty and the new harvest was still a long way off. This made Kbo Iwo wild with great anger. In his hunger, he destroyed all the houses and even all the temples. It made the Balinese turn to rage. So, they came together to plan steps to oppose this powerful giant by using his stupidity. They asked Kbo Iwo to build them a very deep well, and rebuild all the houses and temples he had destroyed. After they fed Kbo Iwo, he began to dig a deep hole. One day he had eaten too much, he fell asleep in the hole. The oldest man in the village gave a sign, and the villagers began to throw the limestone they had collected before into the hole. The limestone made the water inside the hole boiling. Kbo Iwo was buried alive. Then the water in the well rose higher and higher until at last it over�� owed and formed Lake Batur. The mound of earth dug from the well by Kbo Iwo is known as Mount Batur.

Adapted from Folk Tales from Indonesia, 1999
Answer the following questions by looking through the text
1. What was Kbo Iwo?
2. What is meant by a destroyer as well as a creator?
3. What made him satis�� ed?
4. What had caused Kbo Iwo’s anger?
5. Why did the Balinese turn to rage?
6. How did the Balinese oppose this powerful giant?
7. What did they ask Kbo Iwo to do?
8. How could he fall asleep in the hole?
9. Where did the Balinese throw the limestone?
10. What happened then?

LETTERS

LETTER 1
January, 4h 2010
Dear Mega Olivia,

How are you today? I hope you are fine.
I’ve just got your letter, and I write you back hurriedly. Okay Mega, I will help you to tell about “How to send message using your new HP, so you can use it quickly.
Actually, it’s not difficult. Follow these instructions :
First, choose the message menu, then write the message. After that, click the word “send” and the HP will show you the phone number. Search the phone number that you want to send your message, and finally just click “OK”.
It’s very easy, right? But If you still find difficulty please contact me again.
Good luck!
Liling Kumala Sari,





LETTER 2

Dear Arman
Well, this is my second week in Paris. How is England? I hope you are always being fine. I usually get up at ten o’clock and have breakfast in street café. French breakfasts are very small, but the coffee is not bad. I always go to school by metro. Usually arrive at school at twelve o’clock. I’m learning a lot of French. School usually finishes at five o’clock. In the evening I occasionally stay in the hotel, but I usually go for our dinner with a friend. Life is interesting in here. Next weekend I’m going to the coast. Give my regards to everybody.

SINCERELY
Nella

Answer These questions based on letter 2
1. To whom is the letter addressed to?
2. Where does John stay?
3. What does Mary do before having her breakfast?
4. What does she plan to do on the next weekend?




LETTER 3

Dear Cathy,
I just got back from London. The weather was terrible but I had a great vacation. I went shopping and bought some clothes at Harrods. Then I saw a play called The Mousetrap. I loved it.
Hey! Guess what! I went to Buckingham Palace one day and saw Princess Di and Prince Charles. Well, that’s all for now.

Love,
Richard


Answer These questions based on letter 3
1. Where did Richard go?
2. How was the weather there?





LETTER 4

15, Alice St.
Lahemba
30/03/2007

Dear Grandpa and Grandma,
Yesterday at my school, we had International Day. We had performances; food stalk, displays, raffle ticket draw and some of us were dressed in costumes.
We started our day off with performances but the one I liked best was the one from fourth grade. It was about games. The performance I was in was called Labamba.
Straight after our performances we had our lunch. There were food stalls. They came from Australia, Asian, Arabic and Greece.
After lunch, we had a raffle ticket draw, I didn’t win anything but a lot of people did. Although I didn’t win anything, International Day was still fun.

Love

Angela


Choose one of correct answer based on letter 4
1. The writer joined in a group to perform ….
a. food stalk c. Labamba
b. games d. raffle ticket draw
2. “..............., I didn’t win anything but a lot of people did.” It means ......
a. The writer didn’t win the anything, and a lot of people didn’t either
b. A lot of people won the something, and the writer did too
c. Either the writer or a lot of people won something
d. A lot of people won something but the writer didn’t win anything
3. “Dear Grandma and Grandpa” This part of letter is called ….
a. Closure c. Address
b. Salutation d. Content
4. What did Angela want with her letter? She wanted …
a. to amuse her beloved grandma and grandpa
b. to tell her grandparents how to follow the performance
c. to describe her school to her grandpa and grandma
d. to tell her grandma and grandpa about her past activities


GOOD LUCK

SOME EXAMPLES OF REPORT TEXT

Text 1:

Snakes
Snakes are reptiles (cold-blooded creatures). They belong to the same group as lizards (the scaled group, Squamata) but from a sub-group of their own (Serpentes)
Appearance
Snakes have two legs but a long time ago they had claws to help them slither along.
Snakes are not slimy. They are covered in scales which are just bumps on the skin. Their skin is hard and glossy to reduce friction as the snake slithers along the ground
Behaviour
Snakes often sun bake on rocks in the warm weather. This is because snakes are cold-blooded and they need the sun’s warmth to heat their boy up.
Most snakes live in the country. Some types of snakes live in trees, some live in water, but most live on the ground in deserted rabbit burrows, in thick, long grass and in old logs
A snake’s diet usually consists of frogs, lizards, and mice and other snakes. The Anaconda can eat small crocodiles and even boars.
Many snakes protect themselves with their fangs. Boa Constrictors can give you a bear hug which is so powerful it can crush every single bone in your body. Some snakes are protected by scaring their enemies away like the Cobra. The flying snakes glides away from danger. Their ribs spread apart and the skin stretches out. Its technique is just like the sugar glider’s

Text 2:

RHINOCEROSES

Rhinoceroses are wild animals which live in the forest.
They have large heavy bodies. Their skins are very thick. They have horns on their noses. Their weight can be more than 2.250 kilograms for each.
Rhinoceroses eat grass. They have so good muscle structures that they can run and change directions very fast. They can sprint at 56 km an hour. Rhinoceros have been reported to enter campsites at night; they scatter smouldering logs of fire, and then peacefully walk away. Rhinoceroses don’t have very good eyesight for distance. The oxpeckers always accompany them. They give them warning system.
Rhinoceroses are hunted for their horns. They are used to make traditional medicine. The rhinos are listed as endangered on the Red List of Threatened species.

A. Answer the questions below based on the text above.
1. What does the text tell us about?
2. What are on their noses?
3. What do they eat?
4. How fast can they run?
5. What do the oxpeckers give them?

B. Read carefully the text above to fill in the blanks below.
1. The text above consists of .......... paragraphs.
2. The General Classification is stated in paragraph …………
3. The description of appearance is in paragraph ………………
4. The third paragraph describes about rhinoceroses’ ……………
5. The Parts of the topic are mentioned in paragraph …………
6. The parts of rhinoceroses are ………………………………………………
7. The habits of rhinoceroses are stated in paragraph …………
8. Examples of rhinoceroses’ habits are ………………………………………
9. Passive forms of verbs are found in paragraph ………
10. Examples of passive form of verbs are ……………………………………

Text 3:

A THEATER
A theatre is a place where people entertain the audience. The people who perform, called actors and actresses, act in plays on a stage. A stage can be raised platform, or it can be a part of the floor in a room, either in the centre of the room or against a wall. The audience, is very important part of a theatre because it is for the audience that the actors and actresses act, and the playwright writes. Without an audience, they are only rehearsing or practicing.
A theatre can be anywhere- in home, school auditorium, park and a hall. Theatre means action. In this text, theatre is used in connection with performances on stage by live actors and actresses. It is living theatre.
Theatre in the East differs greatly from that of the west. The Asian theatre, o the other hand, tends to be realistic.
(Taken from Detik-detik UN Intan Pariwara)

1. What is an actor?
a. A person who plays on the stage.
b. A woman who performs and act in plays.
c. A man who acts in plays on a stage.
d. A person who is playing at the theatre

2. The main idea of paragraph two is ….
a. school auditorium is the only theatre
b. What theatre is.
c. The performance of the actors is theatre.
d. Theatre means actions of actors.
3. What does “they” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refer to?
a. audiences
b. actors and actresses
c. theatre
d. playwright writers

4. What is the difference between the Eastern theatre and the Western theatre?
a. The Eastern theatre is based on facts rather that sentiment or illusion
b. The Western theatre is based on facts rather that Eastern Theatre.
c. The eastern theatre is better than the Western theatre.
d. The Western theatre is better than the eastern theatre.

5. “A theatre is a place where people entertain the audience”
The synonym of the underlined word is ….
a. amuse
b. influence
c. watch
d. present

Good Luck

SOME EXAMPLES OF PROCEDURAL TEXT

PROCEDURAL TEXT

Example 1

How To Browse On The Internet

Go to a cyber café or an internet café. Find a nice place and sit there comfortably. Then, turn on the computer carefully if it is off. Wait patiently until you see picture 1 on your screen. It may have a different form, but it is essentially the same.

Next, fill in that form accurately. Ask the attendant politely when you have trouble. After that, browse on the website. Find the information as you wish.

To end the operation, click the clock on the bottom right side of the screen. You’ll see picture 2 there, you’ll see a figure indicating the amount of money you must pay. Click ‘CONTINUE’ when you don’t want to end. Click ‘STOP’ when you want to end.

Pay at the cashier before you leave the internet café.

Answer these questions

1. Where can you browse on the internet?

2. Mention some steps to begin the activity!

3. How do you end the activity?

Example 2

How to use a camera

Direction

Firstly, open the lid on the back of the camera. Then insert a roll of film into the camera. (follow the direction on the box of the film). After that, close the lid, turn the knob until number 1 appears. And look through the viewfinder while tuning the lens until you can see the object clearly. Finally, push the button on the top of the camera to take pictures.

Answer these questions

1. What should you do when you want to put a roll of film into the camera?

2. What should you do when you want to see clearly trough the viewfinder?

3. What is the viewfinder for?

4. What should you push when you want to take picture?

5. What will happen if you forget to close the lid?

6. What will happen it you do not turn the knob?

Example 3

Text monologue procedure

HOW TO MAKE A PENCIL BOX

What you need

§ An empty plastic bottle of mineral water.

§ A sharp cutter

§ A price of white or colorful paper

§ Some paint

§ Some glue

How to make it.

§ Make sure it is clean when you use it.

§ Cut the bottle into two halves.

§ Wrap the bottle with a piece of colored paper.

§ If you use plain paper. Use the paint to make a drawing on it

§ Now your pencil box is ready to use

I. Choose the right answer a, b, c or d

1. What do you need to make a pencil box?

a. Plastic glass of mineral water

b. Scissors

c. Cutter

d. Some oil

2. How many papers do you need?

a. Two pieces of paper

b. A pieces of paper

c. Some pieces of paper

d. Many pieces of paper

3. What is for?

a. To draw the bottle

b. To write the bottle

c. To decorate the bottle

d. To wrap the bottle

4. Why must you wash the plastic bottle?

a. In order to clean

b. In order to tidy

c. In order to good

d. In order to dirty

5. What is the paint for?

a. To paint on wall

b. To draw on paper

c. To paint on bottle

d. To draw on pencil

II. Please you complete the sentences below by using suitable word.

1. Now we are going to ……………. How to make a pencil box.

2. ………….. you have to prepare the things that you need.

3. they are an …………… plastic bottle of mineral water.

4. After that wash the plastic bottle to make sure it is ………..

5. ………….. the bottle with a piece of paper.

Good luck